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19-4582; Rev 0; 4/09
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer
General Description
The MAX2051 high-linearity, up/downconversion mixer provides +35dBm input IP3, 7.8dB noise figure (NF), and 7.4dB conversion loss for 850MHz to 1550MHz wireless infrastructure and multicarrier cable head-end downstream video, video-on-demand (VOD), and cable modem termination systems (CMTS) applications. The MAX2051 also provides excellent suppression of spurious intermodulation products (> 77dBc at an RF level of -14dBm), making it an ideal downconverter for DOCSIS(R) 3.0 and Euro DOCSIS cable head-end systems. With an LO circuit tuned to support frequencies ranging from 1200MHz to 2250MHz, the MAX2051 is ideal for highside LO injection applications over an IF frequency range of 50MHz to 1000MHz. In addition to offering excellent linearity and noise performance, the MAX2051 also yields a high level of component integration. The device integrates baluns in the RF and LO ports, which allow for a single-ended RF input and a single-ended LO input. The MAX2051 requires a typical LO drive of 0dBm and a supply current guaranteed to below 130mA. The MAX2051 is available in a compact 5mm x 5mm, 20-pin thin QFN package with an exposed pad. Electrical performance is guaranteed over the extended temperature range, from TC = -40C to +85C.
Features
850MHz to 1550MHz RF Frequency Range 1200MHz to 2250MHz LO Frequency Range 50MHz to 1000MHz IF Frequency Range DOCSIS 3.0 and Euro DOCSIS Compatible 7.4dB Typical Conversion Loss 7.8dB Typical Noise Figure +24dBm Typical Input 1dB Compression Point +35dBm Typical Input IP3 88dBc Typical 2RF-LO Rejection at PRF = -14dBm Integrated LO Buffer Integrated RF and LO Baluns for Single-Ended Inputs Low LO Drive (0dBm Nominal) External Current-Setting Resistor Provides Option for Operating Device in Reduced-Power/ Reduced-Performance Mode
MAX2051
Ordering Information
PART MAX2051ETP+ MAX2051ETP+T TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 20 Thin QFN-EP* 20 Thin QFN-EP*
Applications
Video-on-Demand and DOCSIS-Compatible Edge QAM Modulation Cable Modem Termination Systems Microwave and Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Microwave Links Military Systems Predistortion Receivers Private Mobile Radios Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (iDEN) Base Stations WiMAXTM Base Stations and Customer Premise Equipment Wireless Local Loop
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed pad. T = Tape and reel.
Pin Configuration/ Functional Block Diagram
GND GND
+
RF GND GND GND GND 1 2 3 4 5
20
19
18 EP*
17
IF+ 16
IF-
TOP VIEW
GND
15
VCC
14 GND 13 GND 12 11
MAX2051
LO GND
6 VCC
7 LOBIAS
8 VCC
9 GND
10 GND
DOCSIS and CableLabs are registered trademarks of Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. (CableLabs(R)). iDEN is a registered trademark of Motorola, Inc. WiMAX is a trademark of WiMAX Forum.
TQFN
*EXPOSED PAD. CONNECT EP TO GND.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
VCC to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +5.5V RF, LO to GND.........................................................-0.3V to 0.3V IF+, IF-, LOBIAS to GND ............................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) RF, LO Input Power ........................................................+20dBm RF, LO Current (RF and LO is DC shorted to GND through balun).................................................................50mA Continuous Power Dissipation (Note 1) ........................2100mW JA (Notes 2, 3)..............................................................+33C/W JC (Note 3)........................................................................8C/W Operating Case Temperature Range (Note 4) ...................................................TC = -40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C
Note 1: Based on junction temperature TJ = TC + (JC x VCC x ICC). This formula can be used when the temperature of the exposed pad is known while the device is soldered down to a PCB. See the Applications Information section for details. The junction temperature must not exceed +150C. Note 2: Junction temperature TJ = TA + (JA x VCC x ICC). This formula can be used when the ambient temperature of the PCB is known. The junction temperature must not exceed +150C. Note 3: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a fourlayer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial. Note 4: TC is the temperature on the exposed pad of the package. TA is the ambient temperature of the device and PCB.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, no input AC signals. TC = -40C to +85C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5.0V, TC = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Supply Voltage Supply Current SYMBOL VCC ICC Total supply current CONDITIONS MIN 4.75 TYP 5 105 MAX 5.25 130 UNITS V mA
RECOMMENDED AC OPERATING CONDITIONS
PARAMETER RF Frequency LO Frequency IF Frequency LO Drive Level SYMBOL fRF fLO fIF PLO (Notes 5, 6) (Note 5) Meeting RF and LO frequency ranges; IF matching components affect the IF frequency range (Note 5) CONDITIONS MIN 850 1200 50 -3 TYP MAX 1550 2250 1000 +9 UNITS MHz MHz MHz dBm
2
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SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (DOWNCONVERTER OPERATION)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50 sources, PLO = -3dBm to +3dBm, PRF = 0dBm, fRF = 1000MHz to 1250MHz, fLO = 1200MHz to 2250MHz, fIF = 50MHz to 1000MHz, fRF < fLO, TC = -40C to +85C. Typical values are at VCC = +5.0V, PRF = 0dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF =1200MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, fIF = 500MHz, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 7)
PARAMETER Conversion Power Loss Conversion Power Loss Temperature Coefficient Conversion Power Loss Variation vs. Frequency Noise Figure Input 1dB Compression Point SYMBOL LC TCL LC NFSSB IP1dB VCC = +5.0V, fRF1 = 1200MHz, fRF2 = 1201MHz, PRF = 0dBm tone, fLO = 1562MHz, PLO = 0dBm, TC = +25C, fIF = 362MHz (Notes 8, 9) Single tone, fRF =1200MHz, fIF = 192.5MHz to 857.5MHz, fLO = 1392.5MHz to 2057.5MHz, PLO = +3dBm, resultant fSPUR = 1007.5MHz to 342.5MHz (Notes 8, 9, 10) 2RF-LO Spurious Rejection 2x1 Single tone, fRF =1200MHz, fIF = 857.5MHz to 1000MHz, fLO = 2057.5MHz to 2200MHz, PLO = +3dBm, resultant fSPUR = 342.5MHz to 200MHz (Notes 8, 9, 10) Single tone, fRF =1200MHz, fIF = 97.5MHz to 430MHz, fLO = 1297.5MHz to 1630MHz, PLO = +3dBm, resultant fSPUR = 195MHz to 860MHz (Notes 8, 9, 10) 2LO-2RF Spurious Rejection 2X2 Single tone, fRF =1200MHz, fIF = 430MHz to 525MHz, fLO = 1630MHz to 1725MHz, PLO = +3dBm, resultant fSPUR = 860MHz to 1050MHz (Notes 8, 9, 10) PRF = -14dBm PRF = -10dBm PRF = 0dBm 71.5 67.5 57.5 77.4 73.4 63.4 PRF = -14dBm PRF = -10dBm PRF = 0dBm PRF = -14dBm PRF = -10dBm PRF = 0dBm 74 70 60 68 64 54 78 74 64 79 75 65 dBc PRF = -14dBm PRF = -10dBm PRF = 0dBm CONDITIONS fRF = 1200MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, fIF = 500MHz, TC = +25C (Notes 8, 9) TC = -40C to +85C fLO = 1200MHz to 2250MHz Single sideband MIN TYP 7.4 0.01 0.5 7.8 24 MAX 9 UNITS dB dB/C dB dB dBm
MAX2051
Third-Order Input Intercept Point
IIP3
33
35
dBm
73 69 59
88 84 74 dBc
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3
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (DOWNCONVERTER OPERATION) (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, RF and LO ports are driven from 50 sources, PLO = -3dBm to +3dBm, PRF = 0dBm, fRF = 1000MHz to 1250MHz, fLO = 1200MHz to 2250MHz, fIF = 50MHz to 1000MHz, fRF < fLO, TC = -40C to +85C. Typical values are at VCC = +5.0V, PRF = 0dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF =1200MHz, fLO = 1700MHz, fIF = 500MHz, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 7)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS Single tone, fRF = 1200MHz, 50MHz < fIF < 1000MHz, 1250MHz < fLO < 2200MHz (Notes 8, 9) PLO = +3dBm (Notes 6, 8) PLO = +3dBm (Notes 8, 9) fRF = 1200MHz, PLO = +3dBm (Notes 8, 9) ZRF LO on and IF terminated with a matched impedance ZLO RF and IF terminated with a matched impedance (Note 11) ZIF Nominal differential impedance at the IC's IF outputs RF terminated into 50, LO driven by 50 source, IF transformed to 50 single-ended using external components shown in the Typical Application Circuit 24 PRF = -14dBm PRF = -10dBm PRF = 0dBm LO Leakage at RF Port LO Leakage at IF Port RF-to-IF Isolation RF Input Impedance RF Input Return Loss LO Input Impedance LO Input Return Loss IF Output Impedance MIN 87.5 79.5 59.5 TYP 101 93 73 -33.5 -26.3 51 50 12 50 11 50 -27.5 -22.9 dBm dBm dB dB dB dBc MAX UNITS
3LO-3RF Spurious Rejection
3x3
IF Output Return Loss
15
dB
4
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SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (UPCONVERTER OPERATION)
(Typical Application Circuit, RF and LO ports are driven from 50 sources, fRF < fLO. Typical values are at VCC = +5.0V, PIF = 0dBm, PLO = 0dBm, fRF = 1250MHz, fLO = 1600MHz fIF = 350MHz, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 7)
PARAMETER Conversion Power Loss Third-Order Input Intercept Point LO-2IF Spurious Rejection LO+2IF Spurious Rejection LO-3IF Spurious Rejection LO+3IF Spurious Rejection LO Leakage at RF Port IF Leakage at RF Port RF Return Loss IF Input Return Loss fLO = 1200MHz PLO = +3dBm SYMBOL LC IIP3 fIF1 = 350MHz, fIF2 = 351MHz, PIF = 0dBm/tone CONDITIONS MIN TYP 7.5 33.4 61 63.3 78 79 -35.7 -52 12.3 18 MAX UNITS dB dBm dBc dBc dBc dBc dBm dBm dB dB
Note 5:
Operation outside this range is possible, but with degraded performance of some parameters. See the Typical Operating Characteristics section. Note 6: Not production tested. Note 7: All values reflect losses of external components, including a 0.6dB loss at fIF = 350MHz and a 0.8dB loss at fIF = 1000MHz due to the 1:1 transformer. Output measurements were taken at IF outputs of the Typical Application Circuit. Note 8: Guaranteed by design and characterization. Note 9: 100% production tested for functionality. Note 10: Additional improvements (of up to 4dB to 6dB) in spurious responses can be made by increasing the LO drive to +6dBm. Note 11: The LO return loss can be improved by tuning C9 to offset any parasitics within the specific application circuit. Typical range of C9 is 10pF to 50pF.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
Typical Operating Characteristics
(Typical Application Circuit, Downconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = 0dBm, fRF = 1200MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
CONVERSION LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc01
CONVERSION LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc02
CONVERSION LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc03
10
10
10
9 CONVERSION LOSS (dB) TC = +85C 8 TC = +25C
9 CONVERSION LOSS (dB)
9 CONVERSION LOSS (dB)
8
8
7 TC = -40C 6
7 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 6
7 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 6
5 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
5 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
5 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc04
IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc05
IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
VCC = 5.25V PRF = 0dBm/TONE
MAX2051 toc06 MAX2051 toc09
37 PRF = 0dBm/TONE 36 TC = +25C, +85C 35 IIP3 (dBm)
37 PRF = 0dBm/TONE 36 35 IIP3 (dBm)
37 36 35 IIP3 (dBm) 34
34 33 32 31 30 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) TC = -40C
34 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 33 32 31 30 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
VCC = 5.0V 33 32 31 30 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) VCC = 4.75V
2RF-LO RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc07
2RF-LO RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc08
2RF-LO RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
90 PRF = 0dBm
90 TC = -40C 2RF-LO RESPONSE (dBc) 80
PRF = 0dBm
90 PLO = +3dBm 2RF-LO RESPONSE (dBc) 80
PRF = 0dBm PLO = 0dBm
70 TC = +25C 60 TC = +85C
2RF-LO RESPONSE (dBc)
80
70
70 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 60
60
PLO = -3dBm
50 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
50 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
50 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
6
_______________________________________________________________________________________
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, Downconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = 0dBm, fRF = 1200MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc10
MAX2051
2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc11
2LO-2RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
PRF = 0dBm
MAX2051 toc12 MAX2051 toc18 MAX2051 toc15
85
PRF = 0dBm
85
PRF = 0dBm
85
2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc)
2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc)
75 TC = -40C, +25C, +85C 65
75 PLO = +3dBm 65
2LO-2RF RESPONSE (dBc)
75
65
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
55
55 PLO = -3dBm PLO = 0dBm
55
45 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
45 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
45 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
PRF = 0dBm
MAX2051 toc13
3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
PRF = 0dBm
MAX2051 toc14
3LO-3RF RESPONSE vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
85 PRF = 0dBm
85
85
3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc)
3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc)
75
75
3LO-3RF RESPONSE (dBc)
75
65
TC = -40C, +25C, +85C
65 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 55
65
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
55
55
45 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
45 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
45 50 240 430 620 810 1000 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc16
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc17
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
-10 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V -20
-10
-10
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT (dBm)
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT (dBm)
-20
TC = -40C, +25C, +85C
-20
-30
-30
LO LEAKAGE AT IF PORT (dBm)
PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
-30
-40
-40
-40
-50 1250
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
-50 1250
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
-50 1250
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, Downconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = 0dBm, fRF = 1200MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc19
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc20
RF-TO-IF ISOLATION vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
fRF = 1200MHz 70 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 60 50 40 30 20 1250
MAX2051 toc21
80 fRF = 1200MHz 70 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 60 50 40 30 20 1250 TC = -40C TC = +25C TC = +85C
80 fRF = 1200MHz 70 RF-TO-IF ISOLATION (dB) 60 50 40 30 20 1250 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
80
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc22
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc23
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc24
-20 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -25 -30 -35 -40 TC = +85C -45 -50 1250 TC = -40C
-20 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 1250 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
-20 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 1250 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
TC = +25C
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
1440
1630
1820
2010
2200
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc25
RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
fIF = 50MHz TO 1000MHz RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 5 fRF = 1400MHz 10 fRF = 1300MHz
MAX2051 toc26
IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc27
0 fIF = 200MHz 5 RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 30 1000 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
0
0 5 IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15 20 25 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
15
fRF = 1100MHz fRF = 1200MHz
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
20 1100
30 1425 1750 2075 2400 50 240 430 620 810 1000 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
8
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SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, Downconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PRF = 0dBm, fRF = 1200MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LO PORT RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc28
MAX2051
MAX2051 toc29
120 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 110
LO PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)
5 PLO = -3dBm 10 PLO = +3dBm 15 PLO = 0dBm
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
38 36 IIP3 (dBm) 34 32 30 28 26
DOWNCONVERSION MODE fRF = 1200MHz PRF = 0dBm/TONE 1.0pF LSB, USB 1.5pF LSB, USB
100 90 VCC = 4.75V 80
2.0pF LSB, USB OPEN LSB, USB
20 1200
70 1460 1720 1980 2240 2500 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) EXPOSED PAD TEMPERATURE (C)
50
250
450
650
850
1050
IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2RF-LO vs. IF FREQUENCY (ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)
MAX2051 toc31
2LO-2RF vs. IF FREQUENCY (ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)
MAX2051 toc32
3LO-3RF vs. IF FREQUENCY (ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)
DOWNCONVERSION MODE fRF = 1200MHz OPEN PRF = 0dBm
MAX2051 toc33
-60
DOWNCONVERSION MODE fRF = 1200MHz OPEN 1.0pF 1.5pF
PRF = 0dBm 1.0pF 1.5pF 2.0pF
-50
DOWNCONVERSION MODE fRF = 1200MHz 1.0pF, 1.5pF, 2.0pF OPEN 2.0pF
PRF = 0dBm
-50 -55 -60 -65 -70
-65 2RF-LO (dBc)
-55 2LO-2RF (dBc)
-70
-60
3LO-3RF (dBc)
-75 2.0pF -80 OPEN
-65 1.5pF -70 1.0pF
OPEN
1.0pF 1.5pF
1.0pF 1.5pF OPEN
-75 -80 50 230 410 590 770 950 50 230 IF FREQUENCY (MHz) 2.0pF 410 590 2.0pF 770 950
-85 50 230 410 590 770 950 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
-75
IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
2RF-LO vs. IF FREQUENCY (VARIOUS LO DRIVE LEVELS)
MAX2051 toc34
2LO-2RF vs. IF FREQUENCY (VARIOUS LO DRIVE LEVELS)
DOWNCONVERSION MODE fRF = 1200MHz PLO = -3dBm
MAX2051 toc35
-60 -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90
DOWNCONVERSION MODE fRF = 1200MHz P = -3dBm LO PLO = 0dBm
-50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80
2LO-2RF (dBc)
2RF-LO (dBc)
PLO = +3dBm PLO = +6dBm PLO = +9dBm
PLO = 0dBm PLO = +3dBm
PLO = +6dBm PLO = +9dBm
50
240
430
620
810
1000
50
240
430
620
810
1000
IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX2051 toc30
0
130
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. EXPOSED PAD TEMPERATURE (TC) (DOWNCONVERSION MODE)
IIP3 vs. IF FREQUENCY (ALTERNATIVE VALUES OF C2)
40
9
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, Upconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PIF = 0dBm, fIF = 350MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
CONVERSION LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc36
CONVERSION LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc37
CONVERSION LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc38
10 TC = +85C 9 CONVERSION LOSS (dB) TC = +25C
10
10
9 CONVERSION LOSS (dB)
9 CONVERSION LOSS (dB)
8
8
8
7 TC = -40C
7
PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
7
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
6
6
6
5 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
5 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
5 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc39
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc40
INPUT IP3 vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
PIF = 0dBm/TONE VCC = 5.25V VCC = 5.0V
MAX2051 toc41 MAX2051 toc44
40 38
PIF = 0dBm/TONE
40 38 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 36 34 32
PIF = 0dBm/TONE
40 38 INPUT IP3 (dBm) 36 34 32 30 28
TC = -40C INPUT IP3 (dBm) 36 34 32 30 28 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) TC = +85C TC = +25C
PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 30 28 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz) VCC = 4.75V
850
990
1130
1270
1410
1550
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO-2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc42
LO-2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
PIF = 0dBm 70 PLO = 0dBm
MAX2051 toc43
LO-2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
80 PIF = 0dBm 70
80 PIF = 0dBm 70 TC = +85C TC = +25C
80
LO-2IF RESPONSE (dBc)
LO-2IF RESPONSE (dBc)
PLO = +3dBm
60 TC = -40C 50
60 PLO = -3dBm 50
LO-2IF RESPONSE (dBc)
60 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 50
40 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
40 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
40 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
10
______________________________________________________________________________________
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, Upconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PIF = 0dBm, fIF = 350MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LO+2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc45
LO+2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc46
LO+2IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
PIF = 0dBm 70
MAX2051 toc47
80 PIF = 0dBm TC = +85C LO+2IF RESPONSE (dBc) 70
80 PIF = 0dBm 70 PLO = +3dBm PLO = 0dBm
80
60 TC = -40C 50
TC = +25C
LO+2IF RESPONSE (dBc)
LO+2IF RESPONSE (dBc)
VCC = 5.25V
60 PLO = -3dBm 50
60 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V 50
40 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
40 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
40 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO-3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc48
LO-3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc49
LO-3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
PIF = 0dBm 90 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 80
MAX2051 toc50
100 PIF = 0dBm 90 TC = +25C 80
100 PIF = 0dBm 90 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 80
100
LO-3IF RESPONSE (dBc)
LO-3IF RESPONSE (dBc)
70
TC = -40C
TC = +85C
70
LO-3IF RESPONSE (dBc) 1410 1550
70
60 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
60 850 990 1130 1270 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
60 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO+3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc51
LO+3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc52
LO+3IF RESPONSE vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
PIF = 0dBm 90 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 80
MAX2051 toc53
100 PIF = 0dBm 90 TC = +85C 80
100 PIF = 0dBm 90
100
LO+3IF RESPONSE (dBc)
LO+3IF RESPONSE (dBc)
PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
80
70
TC = +25C TC = -40C
70
LO+3IF RESPONSE (dBc) 1410 1550
70
60 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
60 850 990 1130 1270 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
60 850 990 1130 1270 1410 1550 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, Upconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PIF = 0dBm, fIF = 350MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc54
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc55
LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc56
-20 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 1200 TC = +85C TC = +25C TC = -40C
-20 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 1200 PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
-20 LO LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm) -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 -50 1200 VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
1340
1480
1620
1760
1900
1340
1480
1620
1760
1900
1340
1480
1620
1760
1900
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc57
IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc58
IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT vs. LO FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc59
-30
-30
-30
IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)
IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)
-40
-50
-50
IF LEAKAGE AT RF PORT (dBm)
TC = -40C, +25C, +85C
-40
PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm
-40
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V
-50
-60
-60
-60
-70 1200
1340
1480
1620
1760
1900
-70 1200
1340
1480
1620
1760
1900
-70 1200
1340
1480
1620
1760
1900
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
RF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. RF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc60
IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
fLO = 1200MHz
MAX2051 toc61
0 5 RF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 10 15
fIF = 350MHz
0 5 IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB) 10
VCC = 4.75V, 5.0V, 5.25V 15 20 25 30
PLO = -3dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm 20 25 30 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
50
140
230
320
410
500
IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
12
______________________________________________________________________________________
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(Typical Application Circuit, Upconversion mode, VCC = +5.0V, PLO = 0dBm, PIF = 0dBm, fIF = 350MHz, LO is high-side injected, TC =+25C, unless otherwise noted.)
IF PORT RETURN LOSS vs. IF FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc62
MAX2051
LO RETURN LOSS vs. LO FREQUENCY (UPCONVERSION MODE)
MAX2051 toc63
0 fLO = 1500MHz
0
IF PORT RETURN LOSS (dB)
10
fLO = 1200MHz
LO RETURN LOSS (dB)
5 PLO = -3dBm 10 PLO = 0dBm
20
30 fLO = 1900MHz 40
15
PLO = +3dBm
50 50 140 230 320 410 500 IF FREQUENCY (MHz)
20 1100
1250
1400
1550
1700
1850
2000
LO FREQUENCY (MHz)
Pin Description
PIN 1 2-5, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14 6, 8, 15 7 12 16, 17 18, 19, 20 -- NAME RF GND VCC LOBIAS LO IF+, IFGND EP FUNCTION Single-Ended 50 RF Input. Internally matched and DC shorted to GND through a balun. Requires an input DC-blocking capacitor. Ground. Internally connected to the exposed pad. Connect all ground pins and the exposed pad (EP) together. Power Supply. Bypass to GND with capacitors as close as possible to the pin (see the Typical Application Circuit). LO Amplifier Bias Control. Output bias resistor for the LO buffer. Connect a 61.9 1% resistor from LOBIAS to VCC to set the bias current for the main LO amplifier. Local Oscillator Input. This input is internally matched to 50. Requires an input DC-blocking capacitor. Differential IF Output Ground. Not internally connected. Ground these pins or leave unconnected. Exposed Pad. Internally connected to GND. Solder this exposed pad to a PCB pad that uses multiple ground vias to provide heat transfer out of the device into the PCB ground planes. These multiple ground vias are also required to achieve the noted RF performance.
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
Detailed Description
The MAX2051 high-linearity up/downconversion mixer provides +35dBm of IIP3, with a typical 7.8dB noise figure (NF) and 7.4dB conversion loss. The integrated baluns and matching circuitry allow for 50 singleended interfaces to the RF and the LO ports. The integrated LO buffer provides a high drive level to the mixer core, reducing the LO drive required at the MAX2051's input to a -3dBm to +3dBm range. The IF port incorporates a differential output, which is ideal for providing enhanced 2RF-LO and 2LO-2RF performance. 2RF-LO rejection is typically 88dB and 2LO-2RF rejection is typically 79dB at an RF drive level of -14dBm. Specifications are guaranteed over broad frequency ranges to allow for use in VOD, DOCSIS-compatible Edge QAM modulation, and CMTS. The MAX2051 is specified to operate over an RF input range of 850MHz to 1550MHz, an LO range of 1200MHz to 2250MHz, and an IF range of 50MHz to 1000MHz.
High-Linearity Mixer
The core of the MAX2051 is a double-balanced, highperformance passive mixer. Exceptional linearity is provided by the large LO swing from the on-chip LO buffer. IIP3, 2RF-LO rejection, and noise figure performance are typically +35dBm, 88dBc, and 7.8dB, respectively.
Differential IF Output
The MAX2051 has an IF frequency range of 50MHz to 1000MHz. The device's differential ports are ideal for providing enhanced 2RF-LO performance. Singleended IF applications require a 1:1 (impedance ratio) balun to transform the 50 differential IF impedance to a 50 single-ended system.
Applications Information
Input and Output Matching
The RF and LO ports are designed to operate in a 50 system. Use DC blocks at RF and LO inputs to isolate the ports from external DC while providing some reactive tuning. The IF output impedance is 50 (differential). For evaluation, an external low-loss 1:1 balun transforms this impedance to a 50 single-ended output (see the Typical Application Circuit).
RF Port and Balun
The MAX2051 RF input provides a 50 match when combined with a series 47pF DC-blocking capacitor. This DCblocking capacitor is required because the input is internally DC shorted to ground through the on-chip balun. The RF port input return loss is typically 12dB over the RF frequency range of 1000MHz to 1250MHz.
Externally Adjustable Bias
Bias currents for the LO buffer is optimized by fine-tuning resistor R1. The value for R1, as listed in Table 1, represents the nominal value, which yields the optimal linearity/performance trade off. Use larger value resistors (up to 125) to reduce power dissipation at the expense of some performance loss. Use smaller value resistors (down to 0) to increase the linearity of the device at the expense of more power. Contact the factory for details concerning recommended power reduction vs. performance trade-offs. If 1% resistors are not readily available, 5% resistors can be substituted.
LO Inputs, Buffer, and Balun
The MAX2051 is optimized for high-side LO injection applications with a 1200MHz to 2550MHz LO frequency range. The LO input is internally matched to 50, requiring only a 47pF DC-blocking capacitor. A twostage internal LO buffer allows for a -3dBm to +3dBm LO input power range. The on-chip low-loss balun, along with an LO buffer, drives the double-balanced mixer. All interfacing and matching components from the LO inputs to the IF outputs are integrated on-chip.
Table 1. Component Values
DESIGNATION C1, C9 C2 C3, C4 C5, C7, C10 C6, C8, C11 R1 T1 U1 QTY 2 1 2 3 3 1 1 1 DESCRIPTION 47pF microwave capacitors (0402) 1.3pF microwave capacitor (0402) 150pF microwave capacitors (0402) 100pF microwave capacitors (0402) 0.01F microwave capacitors (0402) 61.9 1% resistor (0402) 1:1 transformer (50:50) MABACT0060 MAX2051 IC (20 TQFN-EP) SUPPLIER Murata Electronics North America, Inc. Murata Electronics North America, Inc. Murata Electronics North America, Inc. Murata Electronics North America, Inc. Murata Electronics North America, Inc. Digi-Key Corp. M/A-Com, Inc. Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
14
______________________________________________________________________________________
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer
IIP3 and Spurious Optimization by External IF Tuning
IIP3 linearity and spurious performance can be further optimized by modifying the capacitive loading on the IF ports. The default component value of 1.3pF for C2 (listed in Table 1) was chosen to provide the best overall IIP3 linearity response over the entire 50MHz to 1000MHz band. Alternative capacitor values can be chosen to improve the device's 2RF-LO, 2LO-2RF, and 3LO-3RF spurious responses at the expense of overall IIP3 performance. See the relevant curves in the Typical Operating Characteristics section to evaluate the IIP3 vs. spurious performance trade-offs. The load impedance presented to the mixer must be such that any capacitance from both IF- and IF+ to ground is minimized. For the best performance, route the ground pin traces directly to the exposed pad under the package. The PCB exposed pad MUST be connected to the ground plane of the PCB. It is suggested that multiple vias be used to connect this pad to the lower level ground planes. This method provides a good RF/thermal-conduction path for the device. Solder the exposed pad on the bottom of the device package to the PCB. The MAX2051 evaluation kit can be used as a reference for board layout. Gerber files are available upon request at www.maxim-ic.com.
MAX2051
Spurious Optimization by Increased LO Drive Levels
The MAX2051's 2RF-LO, 2LO-2RF, and 3LO-3RF spurious performance can also be improved by increasing the LO drive level to the device. The Typical Application Circuit calls for a nominal LO drive level of 0dBm. However, enhancements in the device's spurious performance are possible with increased drive levels extending up to +9dBm. See the relevant curves in the Typical Operating Characteristics section to evaluate the spurious performance vs. LO drive level trade-offs.
Power-Supply Bypassing
Proper voltage supply bypassing is essential for highfrequency circuit stability. Bypass each VCC pin with the capacitors shown in the Typical Application Circuit and see Table 1 for descriptions.
Exposed Pad RF/Thermal Considerations
The exposed pad (EP) of the MAX2051's 20-pin thin QFN package provides a low thermal-resistance path to the die. It is important that the PCB on which the MAX2051 is mounted be designed to conduct heat from the EP. In addition, provide the EP with a lowinductance path to electrical ground. The EP MUST be soldered to a ground plane on the PCB, either directly or through an array of plated via holes.
Layout Considerations
A properly designed PCB is an essential part of any RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as short as possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance.
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
SiGe, High-Linearity, 850MHz to 1550MHz Up/Downconversion Mixer with LO Buffer MAX2051
Typical Application Circuit
T1 IF
C3 C2 GND GND GND IF+ 16 IF-
C4
+
RF C1 RF GND GND GND GND 1 2 3 4 5
20
19
18 EP*
17
VCC 15 14 13 12 11 VCC GND GND LO GND C9 LO C10 C11
MAX2051
6 VCC VCC C5
7 LOBIAS
8 VCC
9 GND
10 GND VCC C8
R1 C7
C6
*EXPOSED PAD. CONNECT EP TO GND.
Chip Information
PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. PACKAGE TYPE 20 Thin QFN-EP PACKAGE CODE T2055+3 DOCUMENT NO. 21-0140
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

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